Some reported being paid by a Newmont representative to sign the agreement. Others believed that the agreements would bring them future benefits akin to non-profit development projects or that signing the contract was necessary to receive compensation for crops damaged by the company. Some residents, moreover, signed land access agreements with American mining corporation Newmont without understanding the content of the contract. Residents have also reported that mining company representatives have entered their land without permission, digging holes in their farmland and taking rock and core samples. Residents of communities living within the ambit of mining permits fear that, with the Haitian government catering to foreign mining companies, the loss of their homes and livelihoods are just a matter of when these companies decide to break ground on mines. These permits were granted in violation of Haitian law, without first conducting an adequate environmental and social impact assessment, and without consulting the communities living on the land. and Canadian companies to explore land occupied by dozens of communities in the northern region of Haiti. Nesner explained that the mining industry “brutally evicts peasants from their farmlands and causes serious damage to the already degraded environment.” Between 20, the Haitian government granted more than 50 mining permits to three U.S. More recently, the development of the Caracol Industrial Park following the devastating 2010 earthquake received substantial funding from the United States and displaced 4000 people almost overnight without any meaningful compensation.įoreign businesses, countries, and international bodies, such as the U.S.-dominated Core Group, continue to have immense influence over Haitian politics and development, overshadowing the voices of the Haitian people. occupation of Haiti, more than seven percent of Haiti's land was given or sold to U.S. He explained- and a December Ayibopost article details-that land grabs are often facilitated by corrupt government officials who receive material benefits from business elites.įoreign actors have long played a role in the crisis of land grabbing in Haiti. Land in Haiti for farming is already in short supply.Īccording to Nesner and other advocates, land is often granted to wealthy business owners or to foreign companies to grow crops for export or to extract minerals from the soil. Mining causes extensive damage to large amounts of land and has led to the displacement of communities all over the world. Many times, land grabbing takes place under the threat of violence and without adequate compensation for the loss of their land. Nesner highlighted that, in Haiti, centuries of repeated expropriation of land-in other words, land grabbing-have forcibly removed farmers and their families from their homes, especially in rural communities. Samuel Nesner, executive secretary of the Cultural Society of Young Haitians (SOKIJA) and former animator of Kolektif Jistis Min (KJM), a coalition of Haitian civil society organizations and community activists, testified about the ongoing violent theft of land from farmers in rural Haiti and the risks that the development of mining in Haiti poses to human rights and the environment. In a hearing before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) last fall, advocates and experts from five Caribbean countries-Haiti, Jamaica, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Bahamas-presented on the impact of extractive industries on human rights and climate change in the Caribbean. Haitian people are not alone in their concern over the impacts of mining. Residents on land subject to mining permits, though, have long identified the development of the mining industry as a threat to their communities and livelihoods. There are no active metal mines in Haiti. and Canadian companies positioned to extract it. The Director’s words were not new but brought renewed attention to the gold in Haitian soil and to the U.S. In January, the Director of Haiti’s Office of Mines and Energy (BME) stated that mining is essential to the future of Haiti’s economy. Despite examples from other countries in the region that are banning mining, Haitian government officials, along with the World Bank, continue to propose mining as a solution to the country’s economic problems.
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The benefits don't just end here even if you're managing a small business or project, expense tracker templates and online expense tracker softwares are handy!įortunately, there are plenty of helpful online expense tracker softwares and expense tracker templates available. Eventually, you can identify where your money is going and make meaningful decisions on saving money and tracking your expenses. This expense tracker templates in Excel lets you categorize your expenses and tracks the progress over time. That's why Excel spreadsheet offers many useful expense tracker templates as an online expense tracker software. But, of course, entering all your transactions into spreadsheets and managing them can be tedious. Did you know that you can easily keep track of your financial expenses using Excel's expense tracker templates? It also helps you make sure that you are spending your money wisely. 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Since most modern software supports both copy-paste and drag-and-drop, this provides You can also copy bitmap content to the clipboard and paste it straight into the desktop application. Vector Magic has a convenient drag-and-drop interface that lets you load, convert and save Without the need to upload or download any images, and with a host of The Desktop Edition puts the power of Vector Magic. What are the benefits of Vector Magic Desktop Edition? Not count towards total activations on machines with a previous version activated). Version will be activated as well (there is no need to re-enter your product key).Įxception: with v1.12 for Windows there was a change that requires re-activation (will To upgrade from a previous version, just download the latest version and install it.Īctivations are preserved, so if you had already activated the old version, then the new Your computer has to be connected to the internet during activation. 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Get ordained online with American Marriage Ministries to become a minister today, and learn how to marry friends and family in a beautiful, authentic ceremony.īelow, you’ll find each of the 24 runes of the Elder Futhark, along with its individual meaning.Everything You Need to Know About Reading, Interpreting, and Casting Rune Stones When used intentionally as part of a Pagan wedding ritual, including Viking weddings, runes are said to bless a marriage with wealth and good health, fertility, wisdom and strength, protection from evil outside forces, and years of love and happiness. You may even see them placed on the walls or floors of a wedding venue as part of casting a circle. You’ll find runes printed on wedding invitations, etched into wedding bands, wedding crowns, and pieces of heirloom jewelry, and painted on wedding altars and arches. (See Handfasting Ceremony Scripts and Pagan Weddings Scripts in our Library) Runes can be engraved on wedding bands or wedding swordsīecause of their symbolism and visual beauty, as well as their role in Pagan ritual and magic, runes are frequently seen at Viking weddings as part of the marriage rite, and at Wiccan and Pagan handfastings. They have since been used by Wiccans, Hedge Witches, Neo Druids, Heathens and other modern Pagans.Įach character represents a sound which can be placed together to spell words and create a story, or read on its own to symbolize a unique concept, object, or action. They were carved into stone and metal for protection, ritual magic, casting and divination, vengeance, and to share stories of harvest, gods, and battle.įirst used by Germanic and Scandinavian peoples, including the Vikings in northern Europe, it’s speculated that the Futhark runes became popular in the first or second century A.D. 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Golf Solitaire: Remove cards from the tableau by choosing a card valued either one rank above or below the last card removed.TriPeaks Solitaire: Clear cards from a tableau shaped as 3 triangles by matching cards that are one rank above or below the card in the waste pile.FreeCell: Use 4 open cells to place any playable card and help you solve the game.Crescent Solitaire: You must fill 8 foundation piles, 4 that start with Aces and 4 that start with Kings.Canfield Solitaire: This variation is similar to Klondike Solitaire, but each foundation pile starts with a unique card.Spider Solitaire (Two Suits): Stack the card in descending order from King to Ace to remove them from the tableau.If you like games that require you to match and pair cards, you can find other fun and challenging choices with our collection of Solitaire games. When looking at 355,570 random games played, 106,866 were won, or 30.05%, which makes it easier than most Solitaire games. How Difficult is Pyramid Solitaire? 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Flipping over the first card from the stock pile immediately gives you a face-up card in the waste pile. Deal a card from the stock pile first.Increase your chances of winning by using the following strategies: Unlike traditional Klondike Solitaire, the gaps left behind by removing cards can't be used to move or store other cards you must play from the pyramid as is. Once you make 13, those cards are eliminated from gameplay. Any cards placed in the foundation pile cannot be replayed. Foundation cards are removed from play.You only get three passes through the stock pile. Once all of the stock pile cards have been placed into the waste pile, you can click the waste pile so that the cards flip facedown back into the stock pile to be used again. The face-up card in the waste pile is considered to be a playable exposed card. You can turn over the top card of the stock pile to create a face-up waste pile. You can only use the face-up card in the waste pile.This means you can’t pick up an eight to pair with a five that is behind it-both must be exposed to be paired. Only cards that are not overlapped by cards in the row below are eligible to be paired with other exposed cards. Kings are the only cards that don’t need a pair because they are worth 13. An 8 and 5 can be paired since they equal 13 when added together. For example, a Jack paired with a 2 equals 13 because the Jack is worth 11 and equals 13 when added to 2. Remove cards by pairing them to add up to 13-except kings.The foundation pile: The foundation pile is where you place the pairs of cards or single Kings as you clear the tableau.The face-up card that is revealed can be used to make plays. The waste pile: Any cards you flip from the stock pile move face-up into the waste pile.
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